Due diligence checklist (practical)
Use this list to structure conversations. It is not exhaustive, but it covers common gaps that appear when projects are presented with optimistic numbers and incomplete operational detail.
- Soil suitability, drainage, and rotation history
- Water access and irrigation constraints if relevant
- Weed and pest management plan for organic production
- Storage capacity, temperature control, and shrink expectations
- Grading standards, pack-out assumptions, and waste handling
- Food safety procedures and traceability workflows
- Buyer requirements and contract terms (if any)
- Logistics plan and pricing basis (farm gate, delivered, packed)
- Diversification across channels to reduce single-buyer risk
- Weather sensitivity and contingency plans
- Insurance coverage and key operational dependencies
- Transparent reporting, budgeting, and variance reviews
Understanding yield statistics
Yield is only one part of performance. For many vegetables, the sellable outcome is affected by pack-out, quality grading, and storage losses. Two farms with the same field yield can have different commercial results if one has better post-harvest handling or a more suitable buyer specification.
ROI projections: how to read them
ROI models often look clean on paper. The key is to check what is included. A realistic model in Ireland typically considers labour, machinery, packaging, transport, certification administration, and storage energy costs where relevant. It should also show what happens when prices drop or yields underperform.
Illustrative scenario panel
This panel shows example ranges to prompt questions, not to forecast results. Always validate against current Irish pricing and farm-specific budgets.
Record keeping
Input logs, field activity records, supplier documentation, and traceability are routine. A practical system must work during peak planting and harvest.
Input discipline
Fertility and crop protection choices are constrained. Evaluate how the farm manages nutrients and weeds with approved approaches.
Traceability
Buyers may require batch tracking. For mixed operations, separation of organic and non-organic flows can be a key control point.
Weather variability
Wet harvest windows, drought periods, and temperature swings can affect yields and quality. Look for drainage planning, timing buffers, and realistic harvest capacity.
Labour and timing
Many vegetables are timing-sensitive. Labour shortfalls can reduce pack-out and increase losses. A plan should show peak staffing assumptions and contingency options.
Input price swings
Fuel, packaging, and transport costs can change quickly. Sensitivity testing helps ensure the plan does not depend on a narrow cost window.
Market demand and specs
Buyer specifications can drive rejection rates. Confirm quality standards, packaging formats, and penalties. Diversified channels can reduce dependency.
Compliance risk
Organic compliance requires discipline. Weak record systems or input mistakes can create certification issues. Look for training and internal checks.
Capital and cash flow
Equipment, storage, and working capital needs can be underestimated. A robust budget separates operating costs from capital expenditure and includes timing of receipts.